| 青藏高原柴达木盆地盐湖K、Li、B等盐类资源研究进展 |
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| 关键词:Qaidam Basin salt lake salt resource enrichment genesis material source mineralization mechanism isotope |
| 基金项目:陕西省杰出青年基金项目(编号: 2022JC-16)；青海省“昆仑英才?高端创新创业人才”计划项目、青海省地质矿产勘查开发局高层次人才培养项目(编号: 2023-3-18) |
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| Progress in the Study of Potassium, Lithium, and Boron Salt Resources in Salt Lakes of the Qaidam Basin on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau |
| The Qaidam Basin is the largest plateau-type inland basin in western China. It is renowned for its rich mineral resources in salt lakes, particularly its significant reserves of potassium (K), lithium (Li), and boron (B), which are of domestic and international importance. This review explores the factors that contribute to the enrichment of these resources, which are categorized into four aspects: geological structure, climate change, chemical weathering and deposition, and water recharge. The unique “alpine deep basin” environment of Qaidam Basin was shaped by geological tectonic movement, creating the initial conditions necessary for salt deposition. Climate change, especially the onset of arid climate, further promoted the evaporation and concentration of salts. Chemical weathering provided the source of minerals for the salt lakes, and the depositional process determined where these substances were enriched in the basin. The water recharge includes surface water, groundwater, hot springs, and deep oil field water, which plays a crucial role in the enrichment of K, Li, and B salts in the lake. In addition, isotope geochemical methods have been widely applied to reveal the sources of brine, recharge sources, and mineralization processes in salt lakes, thereby providing novel insights for a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the geochemical system of salt lakes. However, some unsolved problems remain, such as the evolution of the ancient lake of Qaidam and the mineralization of K salts under the mixing of calcium-chlorine (Ca-Cl) brines. Addressing these issues is vital for advancing our understanding of the enrichment and mineralization mechanisms of strategic salt lake resources. |
| RAO Huihui,PAN Tong,HE Maoyong,HOU Dianbao,CHEN Jianzhou,ZHOU Jiangdi.2025.Progress in the Study of Potassium, Lithium, and Boron Salt Resources in Salt Lakes of the Qaidam Basin on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,46(2):376-396. |
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