| 青海“三稀”矿床成矿系列、成矿规律与找矿方向 |
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| 关键词:rare earth, rare metal and rare-scattered minerals deposit type tectonic-metallogenic cycle metallogenic series of deposit metallogenic regularity prospecting direction Qinghai |
| 基金项目:青海省科技基础研究计划项目(编号: 2021-ZJ-741);中国地质调查局“中国矿产地质志”项目(编号: DD20221695; DD20190379; DD20160346);“青海学者”专项(编号: QHS201802) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2050 |
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| 摘要: |
| Metallogenic Series, Metallogenic Regularity, and Prospecting Direction of Rare Earth, Rare Metal, and Rare-scattered Minerals in Qinghai Province |
| The rare earth, rare metal, and rare-scattered mineral deposits in Qinghai are dominated by rare metal minerals and associated rare and scattered element minerals. Rare earth deposits are distributed in the Lajishan metallogenic belt and the metallogenic belt in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin. Only magmatic (light rare earth) and magmatic hydrothermal (light rare earth) types are present here. Mineralization occurred in the early Paleozoic during the Ordovician and Silurian, and research on the metallogenic environment of the region is limited. Rare metal deposits are mainly exposed in the West Qinling metallogenic belt and Qaidam metallogenic belt, and can be divided into magmatic type (Nb, Ta), pegmatite type (Li, Be, Nb, Ta) and magmatic hydrothermal type (Nb, Ta) in terms of magmatism, and evaporation deposition type (lithium) and chemical deposition type (strontium) in terms of sedimentation. The mineralization of magmatic deposits peaked in the Triassic during the Mesozoic era, originating in the collision environment after the evolution of the Paleo-Tethys. The metallogenic explosion period of sedimentary deposits occurred during the Neogene and Quaternary of the Cenozoic era, and is related to faulted basin formation and arid climate caused by the strong uplift of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Rare and scattered element deposits are associated with non-ferrous metal deposits, which are widely distributed in the North Qilian metallogenic belt, the northern Qaidam metallogenic belt, the East Kunlun metallogenic belt, the West Qinling metallogenic belt and the Animaqing metallogenic belt, and comprise various minerals. The known metallogenic elements are Ga, Ge, Cd, In, Se, Te, et. The types of deposits are rich, mainly including marine volcanic rock type, contact metasomatic type, and continental volcanic rock type. The metallogenic age is concentrated in the early Paleozoic (Ordovician), late Paleozoic (Permian), and Mesozoic (Triassic), which may have formed in the back arc basin and magmatic arc environment during the evolution of the original Tethys. Based on the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of deposits, mineralization, and metallogenic geological background, the rare earth, rare metal, and rare-scattered minerals in Qinghai are divided into 10 metallogenic series, 18 metallogenic subseries, and 20 metallogenic types. Based on the analysis of the regional metallogenic geological background, regional metallogenic conditions, known mineralization information, and research of the rare earth, rare metal, and rare-scattered minerals deposits, the prospecting prospects of different types of rare earth, rare metal, and rare-scattered mineral deposits in the metallogenic belt are put forward. The western Qinling metallogenic belt, northern Qaidam metallogenic belt, and eastern Kunlun metallogenic belt are considered to be prospecting areas for pegmatite lithium, beryllium, niobium, tantalum, rubidium. The Qaidam metallogenic belt is of evaporative deposition type with a chemical deposition of lithium and strontium, and is a prospecting area for rubidium ore. For poorly studied rare and scattered element deposits, in addition to focusing on the occurrence state of rare and scattered elements, abnormal enrichment research and resource accounting is necessary in the known ore concentration areas in the Niukutou Yemaquan skarn type nonferrous metal ore concentration area. The eastern Kunlun metallogenic belt is a favorable area for rare and scattered element prospecting. |
| WANG Jin-shou,PAN Tong,XUE Wan-wen,AN Yong-wei,LI Shan-ping,TIAN Yong-ge,LEI Xiao-qing,YU Fu-cheng,WANG Shu-lin.2023.Metallogenic Series, Metallogenic Regularity, and Prospecting Direction of Rare Earth, Rare Metal, and Rare-scattered Minerals in Qinghai Province[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,44(4):723-745. |
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