| 马海盐湖北部矿段低品位固体钾矿中钾盐矿物的赋存特征及成因探讨 |
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| 关键词:Mahai Salt Lake low grade solid potassium salt potash minerals occurrence characteristics causes |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题“重点锂;铍成矿带成矿规律与预测评价研究与综合”(编号: 2019YFC0605203);中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所基本科研业务费项目“柴达木盆地马海盐湖深部异常富集卤水的物质来源;成矿机理研究”(编号: KK2119);青海中航资源有限公司委托科技攻关项目“青海马海矿区浅部固体钾矿水溶开采的关键问题研究”(编号: zhzyb20210126-01) |
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| Occurrence Characteristics and Genetic Study of Potassium Salt Minerals in Low Grade Solid Potassium Ore in the North Section of Mahai Salt Lake |
| The Mahai Salt Lake is located in the Saishiteng Sag in the north-central part of the Qaidam Basin. The large-scale solid-liquid conversion mining of Holocene solid potash in the northern section of the mining area has been operating stably for nearly ten years, providing important potash fertilizer production. This paper intends to ascertain the types and occurrence characteristics of low-grade solid potash minerals at the current stage in the northern section of the Mahai mining area, and carry out analysis and testing work such as mineral thin slice identification, energy spectrum scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder crystal diffraction, which are suitable for water-soluble mining, providing a basis for sustainable development. The research found that: (1) Polyhalite is concentrated near the 70–79 exploration line, with primary and epigenetic metasomatic genesis occurring, and the former dominates. The primary polyhalite is flake, fibrous, granular, fibrous radial and petal-like aggregates; the metasomatic polyhalites are disseminated and felt-like with the appearance of gypsum. (2) Carnallite is mostly distributed near the 67–70 exploration line, and it is molten, other-shaped granular, and crack-shaped. Symbiosis with salt, polyhalite, sylvine and other minerals. (3) Sylvine is only concentrated in the 72 exploration line. It is a euhedral-subhedral cubic monomer, which is symbiotic with minerals such as carnallite, polyhalite, and bischofit. (4) According to the analysis of the occurrence characteristics of polyhalite in the Mahai Salt Lake, the cause of deposition may be the cold and dry climate, which reduces the water supply in the basin, thereby causing the shrinking and concentration of lake water. The K+- and Mg2+-rich magnesium sulfate subtype brine in the southeastern part of the mining area is mixed and doped with the Ca2+-rich chloride-type brine of the Niulang Zhinu Lake, forming a potassium–magnesium–calcium sulfate-type polyhalite potassium salt mineral. In the process of high-salinity chloride brine migration and penetration to the southeast concentration center, the water evaporated and concentrated to form chloride-based carnallite, potash, and other minerals to the northwest of the study area. (5) It is necessary to formulate a corresponding solid–liquid conversion plan based on the occurrence characteristics of polyhalite. |
| LONG Peng-yu,ZHAO Yan-jun,HU Yu-fei,DU Jiang-min,HE Ji-hui,WANG Zhao-xu.2022.Occurrence Characteristics and Genetic Study of Potassium Salt Minerals in Low Grade Solid Potassium Ore in the North Section of Mahai Salt Lake[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,43(3):338-346. |
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