| 钾镁煌斑岩:优质金刚石主要载体与幔源流体活动标志 |
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| 关键词:lamproite diamond iconic minerals Guizhou–Hunan lamproite belt deep exploration |
| 基金项目:中国地质科学院基本科研业务费项目(编号: JYYWF20180101);山东省重点研发计划项目(公益性科技攻关类)(编号: 2019GSF109101);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(编号: DD20190589; DD20160220; DD20190703);国家自然科学基金项目(编号: 41072073) |
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| Lamproites: The Main Carrier of High-quality Diamond and the Marker of the Activity of Mantle Source Fluids |
| Being a special volcanogenic or ultrabasic rock, lamproite is an important deep source rock and a symbolic product of the deep-seated magmatic activity. It can be used as a window to understand the mantle and as another kind of diamond host rock after kimberlite, which has been extensively studied. Globally, lamproites host some of the best diamonds, such as Argyle in western Australia. Lamproites in China are mainly distributed in Hunan, Guizhou, Yinniugou, Shanxi, Dajingtou, Shandong, Dahongshan, Hubei, and Keliyang in the western Kunlun Mountains. Comprehensive analysis has shown that lamproite is mainly distributed near the deep, large faults. Lamproites in China are contained in the Duyun–Guiyang–Tongren–Huaihua deep fault on the western margin of Jiangnan anteclise, the Changde–Anren deep fault, and the Tanlu fault zone. Primary diamonds are found in the lamproites in Maping, Zhenyuan, Guizhou, Yunyingwo, Ningxiang, Hunan, Dajingtou, Pingyi, and Shandong. The potential of lamproites in diamond mineralization needs to be further studied, especially the lamproite belts in Hunan-Guizhou and Tan–Lu Fault. The indicator minerals of lamproite are titanium-rich aluminum-poor phlogopite, potassic richterite, magnesite olivine, pyrope, chrome-spinel, chromite, etc. The chromite groups S1 and S2 which are aluminum-poor and magnesium-rich is indicative of the formation of diamond in lamproite. The activity of lamproite in China is multi-stage, among which the stage of Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (147–100 Ma) belongs to the important metallogenic period of diamond-bearing lamproite and related Au-rare earth element minerals in China. |
| LI Rui-zhe,ZENG Pu-sheng,WANG Shi-an,LIAO Shao-ping,WEN Li-gang,ZHAO Jiu-jiang.2021.Lamproites: The Main Carrier of High-quality Diamond and the Marker of the Activity of Mantle Source Fluids[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,42(6):761-770. |
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