| 地质标本数字化实践研究新进展、问题与展望 |
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| 关键词:digital specimen digital geological body digital technique photogrammetry geological specimen geologic body museum |
| 基金项目:国土资源部公益性行业科研专项经费(编号: 201011003)；国土资源部部门预算项目(编号: 1211131181003)；中国地质调查局地质调查项目(编号: 121201010331404; 1212011220038)；数字国土工程项目(编号: 8S03) |
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| 摘要: |
| Digitization of Geological Specimens: Progress, Existing Problems,and Prospect |
| Geological samples, as the witness of the geological history and geological study, are the core materials and basic resources of the geological production, research and teaching, the foundation of the museum and its public service, and also the focus and difficulty of the museum digitization. Based on the review and summary of more than 10 years’ digitization practice conducted by the Geological Museum of China, a comparative study of the museum digitization work both in China and abroad, and an investigation of the latest progress in the fields of geomatics and spectroscopy, the authors put forward the clear connotation and denotation of digital specimen. The source of digital specimen is not merely confined to the digitization of collected samples, but extends beyond the limitations of the scale and space of traditional samples. It can be non-destructive acquisition via photogrammetry and direct scanning of the geological body at the sampling site, and thus it can carry out sample collection, archiving, research and scientific dissemination on a large scale. The digital geological body is reconstructed through large-scale digital acquisition and post processing of geological body by methods of rotation shooting-photogrammetry, matrix photography and mesh photography. Because of its visual features of geological body in the field including spatial relation, stripe characteristic, texture, color and luster, the digital geological body is equivalent to recreating the field geological body in virtual space, and can realize the digital archiving of the geological body. With the quantitative accumulation of digital geological bodies, isolated geological bodies can be connected with each other so that archiving the crust can be theoretically realized. The digital geological bodies have not only the significance of protecting the existing digital geological body but also the value of research and science. Self-developed 3D Image Acquisition System for Geological Samples basically solves three key problems existent in 3D digitization of geological samples, which are the low resolution of the surface texture information, the poor result of high glossy materials and transparent materials, the complicated and arduous manual intervention during post processing. At the end, this paper points out that currently digital specimen is going through the evolution from three dimensions to multi dimensions, comprehensively analyzes the possibility of acquiring professional information from real geological samples by modern information extraction technology, and forecasts the technical means for multi-dimensional realization of digital specimen and its application prospect. |
| YANG Liang-feng,SUN Tao,ZHAO Hong-lei,LU Li-wu,WANG Wei,CAO Xi-ping,CHEN Xiao-wen,GENG Zhu-nan.2017.Digitization of Geological Specimens: Progress, Existing Problems,and Prospect[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,38(2):278-288. |
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