| 蒙古国南部及邻区金属矿床类型及其时空分布特征 |
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| 关键词:metallic deposit type temporal-spatial distribution geology of mineral deposits regional metallogeny southern Mongolian and its neighboring areas |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑课题(编号: 2007BAB25B02)；地质调查项目(编号: 1212010911029) |
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| Types and Temporal-Spatial Distribution of Metallic Deposits in Southern Mongolia and Its Neighboring Areas |
| Located at the convergence place of the Siberia, Kazakhstan, Tarim and North China paleoplates, southern Mongolia and its neighboring areas constitute one of the most important metallogenic provinces in Central and Northeast Asia. Deep faults, Paleozoic-Mesozoic igneous rocks and metallic deposits (ore spots) are well developed in this region. These deposits (ore spots) can be classified into six types in term of their host rocks and metallogenic features, i.e., (1) porphyry Cu (Au) and Cu (Mo) deposits (ore spots); (2) skarn Zn and Ag polymetallic deposits (ore spots) ; (3) vein type W, Sn, REE, rare metal and Ag polymetallic deposits (ore spots) related to granitoids; (4) Cu (Zn) and U deposits (ore spots) within the volcanic terrain; ( 5) U and Cu-polymetallic deposits (ore spots) hosted by sedimentary rocks. On the basis of systematic studies of the representative metallic deposits (ore spots), ten mineralization concentration districts have been delineated. They includeⅠ-Asgat-Hul Adar Ag-W-REE district, Ⅱ-Boorj-Salhit Cu-Pb-Au district, Ⅲ-Saran Uul-Han Uul Cu-Au-W-Mo district, Ⅳ-Bayangobi Hill Cu-Zn-rare metal district, Ⅴ-Biluut Ovoo-Har Tolgoi Cu-Pb-W district, Ⅵ-Oyu Tolgoi-Tsagaan Suvargar Cu-Au-Mo district, Ⅶ–Tumurtiin Ovoo-Ariin Nuur Zn-W-Mo-Cu district, Ⅷ-Hairhan-Haraat U district, Ⅸ-Salhit-Tsav Pb-Zn-Ag district, and Ⅹ-Ulaan- Dornod U–Pb-Zn-Ag district. The relationship between the crust evolution and the metallogeny can be summarized as follows: (1) Pre-orogenic stage: rift-faulting resulted in the formation of the banded iron formation (BIF) and quartz vein type gold ore spots within the ancient continent; (2) closing stage of the oceanic crust: igneous activities on the sea floor produced Cu-polymetallic deposits (ore spots); (3) collision and orogenic stage: a number of porphyry Cu (Au) and Cu (Mo) ore spots were formed; (4) Post-orogenic stage: W, Zn, Sn, REE and rare metal deposits genetically related to the emplacement of crust-derived calc-alkaline and alkaline intrusions. Systematic geological investigations into mineral resources of this region indicate that wall rocks of these metallic deposits vary from place to place, but most of them show an intimate relationship with the Hercynian and Indosinian tectonism and magmatism. Geological and geochemical features of these ore deposits have attracted the attention of geologists both in China and abroad. An integrated analysis of the geological settings as well as geological and geochemical features of these deposits is likely to greatly upgrade our understanding of the ore-forming processes of the ore deposits. Meanwhile, the genetic model and mineral exploration criteria of these metallic deposits can also be used during the comprehensive evaluation of the concealed metallic deposits in southern Mongolia and its neighboring areas. |
| NIE Feng-jun,JIANG Si-hong,BAI Da-ming,HOU Wan-rong,LIU Yi-fei.2010.Types and Temporal-Spatial Distribution of Metallic Deposits in Southern Mongolia and Its Neighboring Areas[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,31(3):267-288. |
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