| 最早的栉水母动物化石——华南伊迪
卡拉纪的“八臂仙母虫” |
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| 关键词:Doushantuo Formation Miaohe Biota Eoandromeda octobrachiata Ediacara Biota Ctenophoran animal |
| 基金项目:中国地质调查局工作项目(1212010611801-3)、中国地质科学院地层学及古生物学重点实验室专项研究基金(JB0705)和中国地质科学院地质研究所所长基金(J0716)及国家自然科学基金项目(40672022)、科技部基础研究项目(2006FY120300-2) |
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| The Ediacaran ctenophore (Eoandromeda octobrachiata) from South China |
| Some phosphatized spheroidal remains in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation, South China, have been interpreted as the embryos of early animals. Because of the lack of adult or juvenile transitional fossil evidence, however, the animal affinities of these microfossils are open to debate. Macroscopic carbonaceous compressions in the Ediacaran (Sinian) Doushantuo shales of South China (Wenghui, Jiangkou County, Guizhou Province), which provide a new–Miaohe–Biota–type–taphonomic window on the Ediacaran biological diversity, include the dis-coidal macrofossil Eoandromeda octobrachiata (Tang et al., 2008), with octoradially arranged spiral arms that were probably housed within an outer membrane. Such an octoradial structure can be seen among the cnidarian octocorals and the ctenophores. The spiral feature is not seen in the extant groups, but it occurs in the Ediacaran “trilobozoan” Tribrachidium. Some globular embryos in the Doushantuo Formation at Weng'an, Guizhou Province, have a similar helicospiral feature. Although there is no direct evidence from ontogeny, the authors regard E. oc-tobrachiata as being the adult stage of these Doushantuo spiral embryos. The octoradial Ediacaran macrofossil recently reported to be preserved as casts and molds in the Rawnsley Quartzite in South Australia was classified as belonging to the same taxon. The Miaohe biota in South China and the Ediacaran biota in Australia are doubtlessly contemporaneous. A couple of triradial fossils from the Wenghui lagerst?tte also suggest a possible comparison with the Ediacara trilobozoan fossils-Albumares and Anfesta from the shores of the White Sea in Russia. The re-cent discovery of a few skewed E. octobrachiata and walnut-shaped fossils with several carbonaceous meridian bands believed to represent lateral compressions of the same organism strongly suggests that this octoradial fossil is a ctenophoran. |
| TANG Feng,YIN Chong-yu,Stefan Bengtson,LIU Peng-ju,WANG Zi-qiang,CHEN Shou-ming,GAO Lin-zhi.2009.The Ediacaran ctenophore (Eoandromeda octobrachiata) from South China[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,30(4):543-553. |
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