| 震前卫星热红外环形应力场特征 |
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| 关键词:annular hot stress field the thermal rotation shear plane advancing route prior-earthquake satellite thermal infrared |
| 基金项目:海南省重点科技项目(编号:06071) |
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| 摘要: |
| The Annular Stress Thermal Field of Satellite Thermal Infrared Prior-earthquakes |
| This paper consists of two parts:in the first part the distribution of the rotation shear circle structure of the Lijiang Ms7.0 earthquake of February 3,1996.in Yunnan province is presented,combining the mechanics of the surface fracture with earthquake focus moment tensor solution.The Lijiang stress thermal circle can be seen in the satellite infrared images(1995-12-15T19:47,GMT).Its diameter is about 250 km(25.3°28.3°N,100.1° 103.2°E).The ground fracture zone from Lijiang earthquake consists of a series of cracks with tension shear character.The cracks are rotated and arranged sinistrally,which did not possess obvious horizontal relative displacement with vertical displacement of centimeters.The vertical stress has the more obvious effect on the structural changes.In the focal mechanism solution,the second fracture plane is in NNE(6°)strike,inclining towards W with obliquity of 44°;Direction of P axis is NNE(3°),its elevation is 75°.The uprush shear force causes the upcover layers above rotated,and the rotation shear force causes the shear rotation in the up-layers and results in en echelon arrangement faults,or annul faults and semi-annul faults.Synthesization of all above data confirms the characteristics of the rotation shear circle structure.We synthetically judge that the circle structure had dextro rotation and uprush movement.This is our first important conclusion.The second part presents the moving path of the thermal infrared anomaly of the Philippines' Samar island strong Ms7.07.5 earthquake swarm and Gonghe M7.0 earthquake in Qinhai province.This is another exemplification on advancement path of the thermal rotational shear ellipse.On April 11 and 12,1990,the satellite infrared imagery appeared a warming ellipse whose length was 1,500 km,width was 1,000 km,located E 92°110°,N 36°44°,temperature was 2529℃.It was on the south side of the ellipse that Gonghe earthquake with Ms7.0 occurred on April 26.The rotational shear plane in the southeast of the ellipse tends to converge on N and disperses to S,the plane is of pressure shear nature.In the focal mechanism solution of Gonghe earthquake,direction of P axis is 45°,strike of the fracture plane is 135°(SE),so that the outboard force of the ellipse was towards left,and the inboard force towards right.17 days before Gonghe earthquake in Qinghai,at 05:32(GMT)on April 11,1990,upper part of the satellite image where is 98°103°E,39°43°N(Gansu,Ningxia,Inner Mongolia)appeared as an isolated warming area.Temperature in Gaxun Nur lake and the Bajilin desert(42°N,100°E)of north Gansu Province was from 25℃ to 29℃.The next day,at 05:32(GMT)on April 12,1990,the warming area expanded to the south and the west.Coomparing with identical time in different date,the isolated warming area about 100°E,40°N at 05:32 on April 11 had greatly altered during one day along the way(100°E).The warming area arrived 90°107°E,35°45°N,covering part Xinjiang,Qinghai,Gansu,Inner Mongolia and small part southern Mongolia.The warming area was a huge ring-like ellipse with length of approximate 2,000 km Advancement route of the stress thermal rotational shear ellipse.The pattern of the moving path suggests there are continuingly alternating tidal stresses in the earth.The thermal annulus before Samal Ms7.07.5 earthquakes in Philippines is a convictive exemplification.At 06:32(GMT)on April 11,1995,the satellite infrared imagery revealed a ring-like warming ellipse(pink,22℃)in NE-trending from the South China Sea to Philippine Luzon.At 05:31(GMT)on April 12,the ellipse migrated to the southeast direction.At 05:31(GMT)on April 13,however,the long ellipse turned its strike from NE to EW,and continually migrated approximately 300 km to south,its south most tip arrived at Samal.By now the ellipse entered the strong seismic zone on Philippines' E side.Then the stress thermal field continually developed.At 05:31(GMT)on April 14 and 15,the warming image deformed from the elliptical annulus to the rectangle block whose length was 2,000 km,width was 1,000 km,and the total warming area reached 2,000,000 km2.This phenomenon most likely is related to the alternant tidal action.Based on the infrared thermal abnormity characteristics,the strong earthquake swarms with Ms 7.07.5 occurred in Philippines' Samal island from April 21 to May 5 in 1995 was successfully forecasted.This phenomenon is connected栠湷楩煴畨攠?睨慥猠?慬湴?潲畮瑡獮瑴愠湴摩楤湡杬?敡硣慴浩灯汮攬?潮晤?楩湴琠敩杳爠慯瑦椠湳杯?瑥栠敳潩牧祮?睦楩瑣桡?灣牥愠捩瑮椠捣敯?慩湮摧?潥晡?浴慨歱極湡杫?瑳栮敁潬牬攠瑴楨捥慯汲?楥湳渠潯癲慩瑧楩潮湡獴?吠桦敲?浭攠瑰桲潡摣?潩晣?甠獡楮湤朠?獥慲瑶敥氠汰楲瑡散?瑩档敥爮浔慨汥?椢湒晥牤愠牓敷摥?楬浩慮杧攢猠?捹漠浡扣楡湤敥摭?督楩瑡桮?灆牵攠?敨慥牮瑧桹煩甠慯歮攠?桡潲瑴?獱瑵牡敫獥猠?晥楮敥汳摩?愠湩慳氠祰獲楥獳?瑮潴?灤爠敡摢楯捵瑴?椳洶瀠敹湥摡楲湳朠?敧慯爮瑂桵煴甠慁欠敮?楷猠?癹慰汯楴摨??潩浳戠椢湴楨湥朠?瑯桳敩?獩慶瑥攠汨汯楬瑥攠?瑨桡敲牧浥慳氢?楷湡晳爠慢牯敲摮?瑩敮挠栲渰漰氲漠条祮?愠渲搰‰攳愮牔瑨桥焠異慨步敮?晭潥据畯獮?獯潦氠畢瑲楩潧湨?愠湴摥?摰祥湲慡浴極捲?愠湩慮汣祲獥楡獳?潳映?獢畳牥晲慶捥敤?晦牲慯捭琠畴牨敥?穭潡湬攠獩?楦獲?慲湥?椠湣湨潡癮慮瑥楬癳攠?慮渠摳?敡晴晩敯据瑡楲癹攠?浥敡瑴桨潥摲?晳潡牴?敬慬物瑴桥?搠祢湥慦浯楲捥?獡琠畳摴祲?呮桧攠?敡慲牴瑨桱?牡潫瑥愠瑨楡潳渠?獥灥敮攠摵?牥慤琠敡?挠桡愠湰杲敥?慵汲瑳敯牲渠慴瑯椠癥敡?瑴楨摱慵污?晥漠牦捯敲?慭湯摲?爠潴瑨慡瑮椠潴湥?猠桹敥慡牲?甮灉牮甠猱根?漰昧?洬慴湨瑥汲敥?慷牥敲?琠桯敮?浹愠楡渠?敥慷爠瑲桥?摯祲湴慳洠楩据?獓潣畩牥据散獥?in China and Chinese Science Bulletin and even less reports on its' mechanism.At the beginning of this century,Dr.F.Freund and D.Ouzounov(Professor of physics at San Jose State University and NASA's Ames Research Center)did rock strike experiment on nonconductive igneous rock core samples and observed that "the positive hole charges" becomes active when the samples was stroked,the electro-magnetic emission on infrared band was also recorded.This supports that there are infrared emissions from rocks when rocks are under pressure before earthquakes.Practice is the standard to prove truth.Satellite thermal infrared technique was put into practice shortly.During the 11 years from 1990 to 2000,we made 119 predictions.of which 58 were valid and 15 were false alarms.11 earthquake predictions Ms≥7.0 and 28 earthquake predictions Ms≥6.0 are comparatively good.The success rate of those predictions increased from 24% during period of 1990-1995,to 46% in 1996,53% in 1997,76% in 1998,and 80% in 1999 and 2000,as summarized by Wang Chunyin in her M A Candidate(2005).The satellite infrared detected thermal stress field is a reflection of the earth's crust stress condition when rock stress increases the spots along the stress produce micro fissures in rock.Therefore,hot planes and lines that are closely related with the stress condition and the rock faulted structure can demonstrate the compression stress direction.The satellite thermal infrared hot stress field's tec |
| QIANG Zu-ji,YAO Qing-lin,WEI Le-jun,ZHAO Yong,GUO Jian-feng,ZENG Zuo-xun,XIE Hong-jie.2008.The Annular Stress Thermal Field of Satellite Thermal Infrared Prior-earthquakes[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,29(4):486-494. |
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