| 印度-亚洲大陆碰撞成矿作用主要研究进展 |
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| 关键词:collisional orogen metallogeny deposit model perspective |
| 基金项目:973项目“青藏高原碰撞与成矿”(编号:2002CB412600) |
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| Metallogenesis of the Indo-Asian Collisional Orogen: New Advances |
| For the purpose of understanding metallogenesis of continental collisional zones,a five year national program entitled "Metallogenesis of the Indo-Asian Continental Collision Zone(973 project)" was established in 2002,and about 70 researchers from nine institutions of China joined this project.This paper summarizes some new advances in the study of geodynamic setting,deep lithospheric processes and relevant metallogeny of the Tibetan collisional orogenic belt.Three aspects of significant advances have been made in this project,i.e.,①the tectono-magmatic evolution of the collisional orogen,②the collisonal metallogenic theory,③the evaluation of mineral perspectives in the orogen.Based on the studies of the tectono-magmatic activities and relevant lithospheirc process,the authors proposed a three-stage tectonic model for the Tibetan collisonal orogen,from the main collisonal convergence(65～41 Ma) through the late collisional tectonic transform(40～26 Ma) to the post-collisional extension(25～0 Ma) processes.Studies show that the main collisional process resulted in large-scale underplating of syncollisonal mantle-derived magmas and relevant crustal vertical growth in the main collisional zone,and the late collisional process triggered lateral flow of subcontinental lithospheric mantle and created mantle-derived potassic rock suites on the eastern margin of the orogen, whereas the post-collisional extension related to lithospheirc mantle thinning produced ultra-potassic and potassic suites and leucogranites along the collisional zone.Each collisional period usually underwent a transition from the compressional(transpressional) to the extensional(transtensional) regime in the collisional orogen.Based on studies of the spatial-temporal evolution of tectono-magmatic associations and related mineralization in major metallogenic belts within the orogen,the authors advanced a theory framework for metallogeny of the collisional orogen.It includes three major kinds of metallogenesis,i.e.,main-collisional convergent metallogeny,late-collisional transform metallogeny,and post-collisional extensional metallogeny,which produced ten significant ore-forming systems and twelve typical deposit types.Based on the studies of several typical ore deposits in the Tibtean orogen,the authors established five new models for the ore deposits,such as the porphyry Cu deposits unrelated to subduction,the thrust-controlled Pb,Zn,Ag,Cu deposits,the collisional orogenic Au deposits,the REE deposits unrelated to rifting,and the detachment systemcontrolled Sb,Au deposits.By compilation of a series of geological maps and utilization of mineral resource database,the potential of mineral resources in the orogen has been evaluated,and some perspective areas have been delineated by using new methods proposed in this project. |
| HOU Zeng-qian,WANG Er-qi.2008.Metallogenesis of the Indo-Asian Collisional Orogen: New Advances[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,29(3):275-292. |
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