| 硫酸盐岩岩溶发育机理与有关地质环境效应 |
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| 关键词:sulphate rock mechanism of karstification geohazard |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目:硫酸盐岩溶发育机理与环境演化效应研究(编号:49172144) |
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| Mechanism of Karst Development in Sulphate Rocks and Its Main Geo-environmental Impacts |
| Sulphate rocks are quite widely distributed in China; gypsum and anhydrite, in particular, have been found almost in all parts of China. Based on the description of the genetic types and distribution of sulphate rocks such as gypsum and anhydrite, this paper has probed into the mechanism of their karst development. The basic karst features of sulphate rocks in China are mainly as follows: ① no special karst landscapes of carbonate rocks are developed; ② large cave systems cannot be kept for a long period under natural conditions. The sulphate rocks (gypsum and anhydrite) and carbonate rocks (limestone and dolomite) are usually deposited together, and hence the mixed karst mechanism related to sulphate rocks and carbonate rocks is further discussed in this paper. A series of special dissolution tests were conducted for studying the karstification of gypsum under different conditions, and the results clearly indicate that the climatic condition and the thermal process have exerted important influence upon the gypsum karst development. The dissolution quantities of gypsum are 2～3 times higher in salt water than in pure water. The biogenetic karstification in sulphate rocks is very important, and the process includes the Desulfovibria and T. thioparus , which speed up the dissolution rate of CaSO 4. The bacteria related to the biogenetic karstification have been found in many samples of gypsum.On the basis of the H 2S quantities produced by desulfovibria and the pH values decreased by the T. thioparus , the degree of biogenetic karst precesses can be classified. Geohazards related to such karst activities of sulphate rocks as karst collapse, water invasion, land subsidence and collapse column in typical regions are also dealt with in this paper. |
| LU Yao-ru,ZHANG Feng-e,YAN Bao-rui,GUO Xiu-hong.2002.Mechanism of Karst Development in Sulphate Rocks and Its Main Geo-environmental Impacts[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,23(1):1-6. |
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