| 龙脑香科木化石在中国新生代的首次发现 |
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| 引用本文：程业明,王嘉树,黄路亮,刘风香.2026.龙脑香科木化石在中国新生代的首次发现[J].地球学报,47(5):1013-1020. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2026.090211 |
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| 基金项目:本文由自然资源部科技创新发展项目(编号: 102121191130000009001)、国家自然科学基金项目(编号: 42372007)和中国科学院南京 地质古生物研究所自主部署项目(编号: NGBS202508)联合资助。 |
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| 中文摘要:龙脑香科是热带植被的典型代表, 其化石记录是认识热带植被发展演化历史的重要证据。在中国南部广东和福建新生代地层发现了极少的龙脑香科植物叶片和果实化石。本研究报道了来自海南省临高县多文镇新生代早—中中新世长坡组地层的龙脑香科娑罗双型木(未定种)Shoreoxylon sp.木化石。木化石主要特征包括: 生长轮不明显。散孔材, 单管孔和短径列或斜列复管孔。导管穿孔简单。管间纹孔式互列, 导管与射线细胞间纹孔式刻痕状及大圆形。导管内侵填体丰富。环管管胞具缘纹孔明显。薄壁组织多为傍管型和带状。射线异形。菱形晶体存在于长的分室含晶细胞串中。轴向胞间道弦向长线状排列, 分布于带状薄壁组织内。该化石的出现时代晚于印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞后的地质时期, 可能代表了龙脑香科自印度次大陆扩散至亚洲大陆后的进一步迁移。当前化石的发现表明海南岛北部早—中中新世时期存在热带雨林植被。当前海南龙脑香科木化石, 与福建漳浦中中新世发现的龙脑香科植物群相结合, 表明早—中中新世中国热带雨林的分布范围远大于现今。本文报道的木化石是中国新生代龙脑香科木化石的首次记录, 为理解该科在东亚地区的演化历史提供了关键证据。 |
| 中文关键词:热带雨林 新生代 古植被 古地理 解剖结构 |
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| First Discovery of Fossil Wood of Dipterocarpaceae in the Cenozoic Strata of China |
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| Abstract:Dipterocarpaceae is a typical representative of tropical vegetation, and its fossil record provides important evidence for understanding the evolutionary history of tropical vegetation. Very few fossil leaves and fruits of Dipterocarpaceae have been found in the Cenozoic strata of Guangdong and Fujian, southern China. This study reports a fossil wood of Shoreoxylon sp. (Dipterocarpaceae) from the early-middle Miocene Changpo Formation in Duowen Town, Lingao County, Hainan Province. The primary characteristics of the fossil wood are as follows: growth rings indistinct; diffuse-porous wood, solitary and short radial or oblique multiple; perforation plates simple; intervessel pitting alternate; vessel-ray pitting scalariform and rounded; abundant tyloses in vessels; vasicentric tracheids with distinct bordered pits; parenchyma mostly paratracheal and banded; rays heterogeneous; rhombic crystals present in long chains of chambered axial parenchyma cells; and axial intercellular canals arranged in long tangential lines within banded parenchyma. This fossil dates to a geological period later than the collision between the Indian and Eurasian Plates, and may represent further migration of Dipterocarpaceae after its dispersal from the Indian subcontinent to the Asian continent. This discovery indicates that tropical rainforest vegetation existed on northern Hainan Island during Early–Middle Miocene. Combined with the fossils of Dipterocarpaceae from the middle Miocene of Zhangpu, Fujian, this reveals that the distribution range of tropical rainforests in China during the early-middle Miocene was far wider than it is today. The fossil wood reported here is the first record of the fossil wood of Dipterocarpaceae in the Cenozoic strata, providing key evidence for understanding the evolutionary history of this family within East Asia. |
| keywords:tropical rainforest Cenozoic paleovegetation paleogeography anatomical structure |
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