| 煤田三维地震数据高精度处理与成像技术研究 |
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| 引用本文：卢鑫,张道明,韩建光,苏占林,刘鹏飞.2026.煤田三维地震数据高精度处理与成像技术研究[J].地球学报,47(3):679-687. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2025.072322 |
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| 基金项目:本文由地球深部探测与矿产资源勘查国家科技重大专项(编号: 2024ZD1002201)、国家自然科学基金项目(编号: 42174157)和鄂尔多斯市标志性创新团队项目(编号: TD20232305)联合资助。 |
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| 中文摘要:三维地震勘探作为煤田地质构造和煤层赋存状态精细探测的关键技术, 对于煤炭勘探开发与安全生产发挥着重要作用。本文针对常规地震数据处理手段对于复杂地质构造成像精度和分辨率受限的问题, 开展了煤田三维地震数据高精度处理与成像技术研究。通过融合多域多方法去噪、最大似然预测滤波、组合反褶积、高精度剩余静校正、3D数据规则化、双向拓频等关键处理技术, 有效提高了地震资料的信噪比和分辨率。采用弯曲射线Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移方法获得了高精度的时间域成像剖面, 明显提高了地震信号分辨能力和地质异常体成像精度。本文研究的方法为煤田三维地震数据精细处理与成像提供一种有效的技术手段, 对于保障煤炭资源的安全开采具有重要支撑作用。 |
| 中文关键词:三维地震勘探 数据处理 时间域成像 煤田 |
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| Research on High-precision Processing and Imaging Technology of 3D Seismic Data in Coalfields |
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| Abstract:As a key technology for fine detection of coal geological structure and coal seam occurrence, 3D seismic exploration plays an important role in coal exploration and development and safe production. To solve the problem of conventional seismic data processing methods having limited imaging accuracy and resolution for complex geological structures, high-precision 3D seismic processing and imaging technologies in coal fields are investigated in this paper. The signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of seismic data are effectively improved by integrating multi-domain and multi-method denoising, maximum likelihood prediction filtering, combined deconvolution, high-precision residual statics, 3D data regularization, and bidirectional extension frequency. The bending ray Kirchhoff prestack time migration technique is used to obtain a high-precision time-domain imaging profile, which significantly improves the resolution of seismic signals and the imaging accuracy of geological anomalies. The method proposed in this paper provides an effective technical means for the fine processing and imaging of 3D seismic data in coalfields and plays an important supporting role in ensuring the safe mining of coal resources. |
| keywords:3D seismic exploration data processing time-domain imaging coalfield |
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