| 福建连城冠豸山网格状丹霞地貌的空间展布特征和构造意义 |
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| 引用本文：刘刚,郑元,王敏,孙文燕.2026.福建连城冠豸山网格状丹霞地貌的空间展布特征和构造意义[J].地球学报,47(2):399-408. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2025.121501 |
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| 基金项目:本文由中国地质调查局地质调查项目“边疆地区世界级地质遗迹潜力区调查评价”(编号: DD20230100504)资助。 |
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| 中文摘要:2024年龙岩地质公园成功获批成为联合国教科文组织世界地质公园, 公园中冠豸山丹霞地貌以其独特的单斜式丹霞著称于世。冠豸山所处的连城盆地是福建地区自晚中生代以来形成的众多近北东—南西向展布小型陆相盆地中有特色的一个, 是古太平洋板块俯冲在陆地上的沉积响应, 在盆地东部发育了著名的冠豸山单斜丹霞地貌景观。冠豸山造景地层主体为上白垩统崇安组, 崇安组在盆地东部出露较广, 平行不整合(局部整合)覆于沙县组之上, 在盆地边缘则超覆于其他老地层之上, 上未见顶, 为一套陆相红层盆地河流相, 冲积扇相厚层粗碎屑沉积, 岩石组合为灰紫、紫红色厚层—块状复成分砾岩, 岩石坚硬。崇安组紫红色厚层-巨厚层砾岩受燕山期古太平洋板块挤压应力的影响, 遵循最大有效力矩准则形成了网格状共轭节理, 新构造运动隆升后, 沿着节理面水流冲蚀和风化作用侵蚀, 形成了独特的网格状分布的丹霞地貌, 形成了石堡、石墙、石柱、线谷、巷谷、峡谷等丹霞地貌景观, 是我国东南地区不可多得的地质瑰宝。 |
| 中文关键词:龙岩世界地质公园 白垩系 丹霞 冠豸山 网格状共轭节理 |
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| Spatial Distribution Pattern of the Danxia Landform in Guanzhaishan, Liancheng County, Fujian Province, and Its Structural Significance |
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| Abstract:In 2024, Longyan Geopark was successfully designated as a UNESCO Global Geopark. Within the park, the Danxia landform of Guanzhaishan is internationally renowned for its unique monoclinal Danxia structure. Guanzhaishan is within the Liancheng Basin, a distinctive NE–SW trending small continental basin formed in Fujian since the Late Mesozoic. This basin represents a sedimentary response to subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. The famous monoclinal Danxia landscape of Guanzhaishan is developed in the eastern part of the basin. The primary landscape-forming stratum at Guanzhaishan is the Upper Cretaceous Chong’an Formation. This formation is widely exposed in the eastern basin, where it overlies the Shaxian Formation with a disconformable (locally conformable) contact. At the basin margins, it onlaps older strata. The top of the formation is not preserved. The Chong’an Formation comprises a thick succession of continental red beds, deposited in fluvial and alluvial fan environments, dominated by thick-bedded to massive coarse clastics. The rock assemblage consists of grayish-purple to purplish-red, thick-bedded to very thick-bedded polymictic conglomerates with high rock strength. Under the compressional stress of the Yanshan Orogeny, these purplish-red conglomerates developed grid-like conjugate joints following the principle of maximum effective moment. After the later Neotectonic uplift, fluvial erosion and weathering along these joints sculpted the unique grid-patterned Danxia landform. This process created the classic Danxia features such as cliff-top castles, stone walls, pillars, linear valleys, box canyons, and gorges. Guanzhaishan stands as a geological treasure of immense value in southeastern China, showcasing exceptional geological heritage. |
| keywords:Longyan Global Geopark Cretaceous Danxia Guanzhaishan grid-like conjugate joints |
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