| 某退役铀矿山放射性现状调查及评价 |
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| 引用本文：孙长亮,杨军,李春阳,周玉县,李彦漫,范超楠.2026.某退役铀矿山放射性现状调查及评价[J].地球学报,47(2):387-398. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2025.112721 |
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| 基金项目:本文由2024年中核铀业青年创新基金项目“某铀矿废弃污染物风险识别与量化研究”(编号: NKLUR-2024-0N-019)资助。 |
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| 中文摘要:随着全球铀矿冶设施退役数量持续增长, 放射性环境污染防控已成为核工业可持续发展的重要议题。本文通过某退役铀矿山放射性污染特征研究, 查明了该矿山污染源项和放射水平现状。结果显示: 该矿山关停退役治理后, 仅有塌陷区达到退役治理要求, 废石场、露天采场、工业场地、尾渣库等地氡析出率、γ辐射剂量率均超出GB 14586-1993管理规定。表层土壤中226Ra比活度超出248.9 Bq/kg(当地本底值(68.9 Bq/kg)+180 Bq/kg), U天然含量超出30 mg/kg。矿区内建筑物、运矿道路、溪沟以及设备管线受到不同程度的污染; 矿坑水中U天然, Mn的浓度超过排放标准限值要求; 氡及其子体内照射个人有效剂量、γ外照射个人有效剂量均大于0.1 mSv/a, 亟需退役治理。 |
| 中文关键词:退役铀矿山 放射性环境 管理限值 个人有效剂量 |
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| Investigation and Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity for a Decommissioned Uranium Mine |
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| Abstract:With the continuous growth in the number of decommissioned uranium mining and metallurgy facilities worldwide, the prevention and control of radioactive environmental pollution have emerged as a critical issue for the sustainable development of the nuclear industry. This study investigates the characteristics of radioactive pollution in a decommissioned uranium mine, aiming to clarify the sources of pollution and the current status of radiation levels. The results indicate that after the closure and decommissioning treatment of the mine, only the collapse area met the decommissioning treatment requirements. The radon exhalation rate and gamma (γ) radiation dose rate in the waste rock dump, open-pit mine, industrial site, and tailings storage facility all exceeded the regulatory limits specified in GB 14586-1993. The specific activity of 226Ra in the surface soil exceeded 248.9 Bq/kg (calculated as the local background value of 68.9 Bq/kg+180 Bq/kg), and the content of natural uranium (U) exceeded 30 mg/kg. Buildings, ore transportation roads, streams, and equipment pipelines within the mining area were contaminated to varying degrees. The concentration of natural uranium (U) and manganese (Mn) in the pit water exceeded the discharge standard limits. The individual effective dose from internal irradiation by radon and its daughters and the individual effective dose from external gamma (γ) radiation were both greater than 0.1 mSv/a, necessitating urgent decommissioning and remediation measures. |
| keywords:decommissioned uranium mine radioactive environment management limit individual effective dose |
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