| 三肇凹陷青山口组地层压力分布特征评价及其石油地质意义 |
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| 引用本文：王锁,周能武,卢双舫,李军辉,白国帅,陈国辉,谢世龙.2026.三肇凹陷青山口组地层压力分布特征评价及其石油地质意义[J].地球学报,47(2):335-347. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2025.120202 |
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| 基金项目:本文由国家自然科学基金项目(编号: 42272156; 42472204)和黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(编号: YQ2024D007)联合资助。 |
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| 中文摘要:松辽盆地三肇凹陷青山口组地层不仅是该区的优质烃源岩, 还对下伏扶余油层致密油分布有重要影响, 但其超压的分布特征及成因研究相对薄弱。为明确三肇凹陷青山口组地层超压发育特征、主控因素及其石油地质意义, 首先通过有机质校正方法对测井数据进行校正, 后对三种主要的压力预测方法预测结果进行对比分析, 并结合三种超压成因判别方法, 明确超压分布特征、成因及主控因素, 最终探讨青山口组地层超压与下伏扶余油层有利区分布之间的关系。研究结果表明: Eaton法是三肇凹陷现今压力评价的最优方法。有机质校正后相比校正前压力评价结果准确度提升10%。压力分布特征表明, 三肇凹陷青山口组发育弱超压, 最大压力系数可达1.3, 且凹陷中心为超压中心。测井曲线组合分析法、声波速度-密度交会图法及Bowers法和超压成因贡献率定量评价表明, 青山口组超压成因主要为生烃膨胀作用。通过探讨超压与埋深、烃源岩厚度、砂泥比、断裂等因素的关系, 发现埋深越深、烃源岩越厚的地层其生烃量越大, 进而导致生烃膨胀作用引起的超压越大, 最终埋深和烃源岩厚度与超压呈正相关; 而砂岩越厚、越靠近断裂的位置不利于烃类流体保存, 最终砂泥比和断裂与超压呈负相关。结合扶余油层分布特征, 探讨超压、砂岩及断裂对扶余致密油分布的控制作用。该研究旨在为后续致密油富集成藏研究奠定基础。 |
| 中文关键词:有机质校正 超压成因 压力预测 控制因素 扶余致密油 青山口组 |
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| Characterization of Formation Pressure Distribution and Its Hydrocarbon Geological Implications in the Qingshankou Formation, Sanzhao Depression |
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| Abstract:In the Songliao Basin, the Qingshankou Formation of the Sanzhao Depression is an excellent source rock that significantly influences the distribution of tight oil in the underlying Fuyu oil layer. However, research on the distribution characteristics and genetic mechanisms of overpressure remains relatively scarce. To clarify the developmental characteristics, dominant controls, and hydrocarbon geological implications of overpressure in the Qingshankou Formation of the Sanzhao Depression, well-logging data were first corrected using the TOC correction method. Subsequently, three primary pressure prediction methods were analyzed. Combining three diagnostic methods for overpressure genesis, we defined the distribution characteristics, genetic mechanisms, and dominant controls of overpressure. Finally, the relationship between overpressure in the Qingshankou Formation and the distribution of favorable zones in the underlying Fuyu oil layer was examined. These findings demonstrate that Eaton’s method constitutes the optimal approach for current pressure evaluation in the Sanzhao Depression. Following TOC correction, the pressure evaluation accuracy achieved a 10% increase compared with the pre-correction results. The pressure distribution characteristics revealed moderate overpressure development in the Qingshankou Formation of the Sanzhao Depression, with maximum pressure coefficients of 1.3. The core area of the depression constituted the primary overpressure development zone. A synthesized analysis employing an integrated well-log interpretation, acoustic velocity-density crossplots, and Bowers’ method confirmed that hydrocarbon generation expansion constitutes the primary genesis of overpressure in the Qingshankou Formation. By examining the relationships between overpressure and factors such as burial depth, source rock thickness, sand-mud ratio, and faults, it was found that formations with greater burial depths and thicker source rocks generated larger amounts of hydrocarbons. This leads to a greater overpressure caused by hydrocarbon generation and expansion, resulting in a positive correlation between burial depth, source rock thickness, and overpressure. Conversely, thicker sandstones and positions closer to faults are unfavorable for the preservation of hydrocarbon fluids, ultimately leading to a negative correlation between the sand and mud ratio, faults, and overpressure. Combined with the distribution characteristics of the Fuyu oil layer, this study explored the controlling effects of overpressure, sandstones, and faults on the distribution of tight oil in the Fuyu layer. This study aimed to lay the foundation for subsequent studies on the enrichment and accumulation of tight oil. |
| keywords:TOC correction overpressure cause pressure prediction controlling factors Fuyu tight oil Qingshankou Formation |
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