| 西藏拉果错盐湖周边汇水域水化学特征及盐类矿物补给特征 |
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| 引用本文：张海潮,邓时强,平措朗加,陈晓深,吴文清,晁增华,洛桑曲扎.2026.西藏拉果错盐湖周边汇水域水化学特征及盐类矿物补给特征[J].地球学报,47(1):192-204. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2025.053011 |
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| 基金项目:由西藏自治区科技计划项目(重点研发计划)(编号: XZ202401ZY0023)和深地国家科技重大专项项目(编号: 2024ZD1003508)联合资助。 |
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| 中文摘要:拉果错盐湖位于西藏阿里地区改则县麻米乡境内, 是西藏境内蕴含多种矿产资源的现代湖表卤水矿之一, 锂、硼、铷、铯均达到大型规模。本研究通过对拉果错盐湖周边汇水域地表水、地下水开展水化学分析, 获得了较为详细的水化学数据, 发现拉果错东侧索美藏布河水中Li含量高达1.16 mg/L, 是南侧雄布卡河水含量的4.2倍, 结合汇水域遥感及地质特征分析认为索美藏布河谷为一全新世活动断裂, 发育有温泉点, 为一条区域地热活动带, 水热活动是索美藏布河水富Li的主要原因; 并认为吉布茶卡湖盆地下水通过两湖之间的断裂及H8、H9汇水域, 以地下渗流的方式补给至拉果错盐湖中。通过拉果错湖水补给-排泄平衡特征分析, 认为拉果错目前基本处于水补给、水排泄平衡状态, 且补给量略大于排泄量, 这与拉果错近年来局部扩大的特征基本一致。通过水盐平衡计算, 并利用本次分析数据, 计算出当前水文条件下, 每年补给至拉果错盐湖中的Li量为145.49 t、K量为1 541.87 t、B2O3量为2 292.3 t、Rb量为7.31 t、Cs量为15.1 t, 其中通过索美藏布汇水域补给的Li量为111 t/a, 占Li总补给量的76%, 认为索美藏布是拉果错盐湖最主要的Li补给来源。 |
| 中文关键词:西藏 拉果错 水化学特征 水文特征 水盐平衡 盐补给 |
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| Hydrochemical Characteristics and the Supply Characteristics of Saline Minerals of the Watershed around Laguo Co Salt Lake in Tibet |
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| Abstract:The Laguo Co salt lake, located in Mami Township, Gaize Country, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, is one of the modern lake surface brine mines bearing various mineral resources. Lithium, boron, rubidium, and cesium have reached to a large scale. In this study, we conducted hydrochemical analysis for the surface and ground water from Laguo Co, and obtained detailed data. The data revealed that Li contents of the Suomeizangbu River ranging up to 1.16 mg/L, which is 4.2 times that of South of Xiongbuka River. Also considering the remote sensing and geological features of the catchment area, it is suggested that the Suomeizangbu River valley is a Holocene active fault zone with thermal springs and a regional geothermal activity zone. Hydrothermal activities are responsible for the high Li concentrations in the Suomeizangbu River. Moreover, the groundwater in the Jibuchaka Lake Basin is supplied to Laguo Co through underground seepage via a fault between the two lakes, in the H8 and H9 confluence areas. The analysis of the characteristics of the water supply and discharge balance of Laguo Co indicate that it is currently in a state of water supply and discharge balance; however, the amount of supply is slightly higher than the discharge. This interpretation is consistent with the recent local expansion of Laguo Co basin. Based on the water-salt balance calculation and data from this study, the annual amounts of Li, K, B2O3, Rb, and Cs supplied to the Laguo Co Salt Lake under the current hydrological conditions are 145.49 t, 1 541.87 t, 2 292.3 t, 7.31 t, and 15.1 t, respectively. The Suomeizangbu supplies 111 t Li per year, accounting for 76% of the total, and hence is the main source of Li for Laguo Co. |
| keywords:Tibet Laguo Co hydrochemical characteristics hydrological characteristics water-salt balance salt component supplement |
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