| 江西新泉—温汤断裂东段中低温地热流体水化学特征及成因机制 |
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| 引用本文：王路瑶,刘凯,万力,张垚垚,张寿川,贾伍慧,岳鑫蕊,卜高杨.2026.江西新泉—温汤断裂东段中低温地热流体水化学特征及成因机制[J].地球学报,47(1):49-64. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2025.091321 |
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| 基金项目:由中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项(编号: JKYZD202401)、地球深部探测与矿产资源勘查国家科技重大专项(编号: 2024ZD1004103)、中国地质调査局地质调查项目(编号: DD20221677-2)和中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项(编号: JKY202406; JKYQN202307)联合资助。 |
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| 中文摘要:江西新泉—温汤断裂带东段赋存丰富的中低温地热资源, 但对地热流体成因机制的研究相对匮乏, 制约了该区水热型地热资源的科学开发。本研究聚焦新泉—温汤断裂带东段地热流体, 综合运用水文地球化学和多同位素(H-O-Sr-C)示踪技术, 识别地热水化学循环演化过程, 阐释地热资源成因机制。结果表明, 研究区地热水温度为23.1~40.5 ℃, 呈弱碱性(pH: 8.20~8.94), 溶解性总固体(TDS)为135.0~225.2 mg/L, 水化学类型为HCO3-Na型。主要溶质摩尔比、Sr同位素及水文地球化学模拟表明, 硅酸盐矿物溶解是控制地热水化学特征的主要地球化学过程, 其次为阳离子交换作用。氢氧同位素特征与放射性14C测年技术揭示地热水来源于约 4 kaBP的古大气降水, 补给区位于研究区西南侧海拔719~1 104 m的武功山山区。通过集成多组分溶质地温计估算热储温度为74.2~115.5 ℃, 循环深度1 660.0~2 881.9 m, 浅层冷水的混合比例为71.1%~76.2%。地热水成因机制为: 大气降水沿花岗岩风化裂隙下渗至深部热储, 经地壳深部热源加热后, 因密度差异在浮力驱动下沿深大断裂带快速上升, 最终受地形切割作用于沟谷部位出露形成水热型地热资源。该成果不仅阐明了断裂带地热流体的运移-富集机制, 也为区域地热资源勘探与可持续利用提供了理论支撑。 |
| 中文关键词:地热能 水化学特征 同位素特征 水-岩相互作用 成因机制 新泉—温汤断裂 |
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| Hydrochemical Characteristics and Genetic Mechanisms of Mid-low Temperature Geothermal Fluids in the Eastern Segment of the Xinquan–Wentang Fault Zone, Jiangxi Province |
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| Abstract:The eastern segment of the Xinquan–Wentang Fault Zone in Jiangxi Province hosts abundant mid-low temperature geothermal resources. However, research on the genetic mechanism of its geothermal fluids remains relatively scarce, which hinders the scientific development of hydrothermal resources in this area. This study focuses on the geothermal fluids in the eastern part of the Xinquan–Wentang Fault Zone. By integrating hydrogeochemical methods and multi-isotope (H-O-Sr-C) tracing techniques, we identify the hydrochemical circulation and evolutionary processes of the geothermal water and elucidate the genetic mechanism of the geothermal resources. The results show that the geothermal water in the study area exhibits a temperature range of 23.1–40.5 ℃, weak alkalinity (pH: 8.20–8.94), and low total dissolved solids (TDS: 135.0–225.2 mg/L), with a HCO3-Na hydrochemical type. Molar ratios of major solutes, Sr isotopic compositions, and hydrogeochemical modeling demonstrated that silicate mineral dissolution dominated the hydrochemical evolution, followed by cation exchange. Hydrogen-oxygen isotopic signatures and radiocarbon (14C) dating revealed that the geothermal waters in the region originated from paleo-atmospheric precipitation at approximately 4 kaBP, with the recharge areas being located in the Wugong Mountain area southwest of the study region (at elevation of 719–1 104 m). Integrated multicomponent solute geothermometry revealed reservoir temperatures of 74.2–115.5 ℃ and circulation depths of 1 660.0–2 881.9 m, with a mixing ratio of shallow cold water ranging from 71.1% to 76.2%. The genetic mechanism of geothermal water involved atmospheric precipitation infiltrating downward through granite-weathering fractures into deep reservoirs, where it was heated by crustal thermal sources. Subsequently, driven by buoyancy forces resulting from density variations, the heated fluid ascended rapidly along the major fault zones and discharges into the valley, due to topographic incision, forming the present hydrothermal geothermal resources in the region. These findings not only clarify the migration and enrichment mechanisms of geothermal fluids in fault-controlled geothermal systems but also provide critical theoretical support for regional geothermal exploration and sustainable utilization. |
| keywords:geothermal energy hydrochemical characteristics isotope characteristics water-rock interaction genetic mechanism Xinquan–Wentang fault |
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