| 柴西砂砾型卤水蒸发过程中钾的富集行为及提取技术研究 |
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| 引用本文：王云生,乜 贞,卜令忠,余疆江,伍 倩,丁 涛.2025.柴西砂砾型卤水蒸发过程中钾的富集行为及提取技术研究[J].地球学报,46(4):869-874. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2025.012002 |
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| 基金项目:中国地质调查局地质调查项目“柴达木盆地北部大浪滩-黑北凹地深层卤水钾盐资源调查评价”(编号: DD20230755); “西部地区钾盐矿产远景调查评价”(编号: DD20160054) |
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| 中文摘要:近年来在柴达木盆地西部发现砂砾型地下卤水, 该富钾卤水储量巨大。本文通过盐田蒸发方式, 考察了黑北凹地富钾卤水蒸发过程中钾元素的富集行为和析盐规律, 发现卤水蒸发过程中基本遵循Na+、K+、Mg2+//Cl– -H2O四元水盐体系相图, 钾在液相中的含量由0.2%可富集到1.8%, 钾盐析出段的矿物以光卤石为主, 其类型为正常光卤石。以试验盐田采收的钾盐矿为原料, 采用冷分解-浮选法进行了提钾技术研究, 开展了分解水量、浮选工艺、扩大闭路浮选实验。分解水质量与光卤石矿质量为2:5时, 捕获剂ZMC选用 (120+60) g/t, 获得KCl品位91.20%精矿产品50 kg, 产品符合国家农业用氯化钾优等品指标要求。研究结果表明, 柴西砂砾型地下卤水有潜力成为我国钾盐资源后备基地。 |
| 中文关键词:砂砾型 地下卤水 钾盐矿 富集行为 提取技术 |
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| A Study on the Enrichment Behavior of Potassium during Evaporation of Gravel Brines in Western Tsaidam and the Extraction Technique |
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| Abstract:In recent years, gravel-type underground brines with large reserves of potassium-rich brine have been reported in the western part of the Qaidam Basin. In this study, the enrichment behavior and salt precipitation law of potassium during the evaporation of potassium-rich brine in the Heibei Depression were investigated using salt field evaporation. The evaporation process of brine followed the phase diagram of the four-member aqueous-salt system of Na+, K+, Mg2+//Cl– -H2O, and potassium was enriched from 0.2% to 1.8% in the liquid phase. The potassium minerals in the potassium salt precipitation section included primarily the normal carnallite type. Using potash ore extracted from a test salt field as the primary material, research was conducted on potassium extraction technology using the cold decomposition-flotation method. The decomposition water volume, flotation processes, and expanded closed-circuit flotation were analyzed experimentally. With a ratio of 2:5 between the mass of decomposition water and carnallite ore and the use of capture agent ZMC at a dosage of (120+60) g/t, a concentrated product of 50 kg with a KCl grade of 91.20% was obtained. This product met the requirements of the National Superior Grade Index for the agricultural use of potassium chloride. These results indicate that the gravel-type underground brine in the western part of the Qaidam Basin is a promising potential backup base for potassium salt resources in China. |
| keywords:gravel type underground brine potash enrichment behavior extraction technology |
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