| 冈底斯: 东西超过一千千米的中新世斑岩-矽卡岩-浅成低温热液型铜矿带 |
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| 引用本文：宋扬,唐菊兴,刘治博,王 楠,闫徐坤,谢富伟,马旭东,孙 豪.2025.冈底斯: 东西超过一千千米的中新世斑岩-矽卡岩-浅成低温热液型铜矿带[J].地球学报,46(1):15-19. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2024.121611 |
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| 基金项目:中国地质调查局新一轮找矿突破“铜(金)锑等紧缺战略性矿产调查与潜力评价”项目(编号: DD20230054)；国家自然科学基金面上基金“斑岩-高硫型浅成低温热液铜金成矿系统的砂金矿物学标志”项目(编号: 42172100) |
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| 中文摘要:冈底斯岩浆弧的中东段发育众多铜多金属矿, 而在东经88°以西的冈底斯西段, 铜矿的成矿潜力、找矿方向等问题一直是国内外矿床界和企业界关注的焦点。在陆相火山岩区斑岩-矽卡岩-浅成低温热液成矿作用和矿床成矿系列理论的指导下, 通过对藏西北革吉陆相火山岩区开展矿产地质调查, 圈定短波红外光谱、水系、重砂、土壤地球化学-高精度大功率激电探测-矿物化学异常, 经钻探验证, 揭露了中新世嘎扎村组蚀变火山碎屑岩中巨厚的(>550 m)高级泥化蚀变带, 发现了累计厚度137 m, 平均品位0.46%铜(金银)矿体, 实现了冈底斯西段铜矿找矿重大突破。赋矿火山岩中发育典型的高硫化浅成低温热液矿化蚀变矿物组合, 成岩成矿年龄为17 Ma左右, 是青藏高原找矿新区新发现的高硫化浅成低温热液型铜(金银)矿, 深部寻找斑岩铜矿的潜力大。珠勒—芒拉地区火山岩与冈底斯中—东段中新世岩浆岩具有相对一致的结晶年龄和岩石地球化学特点, 显示与印度—欧亚大陆碰撞后伸展环境有关。因此, 芒拉高硫化浅成低温热液型铜(金银)矿的发现, 不仅将冈底斯中新世斑岩-矽卡岩-浅成低温热液铜矿带向西延伸了近千km, 而且开辟了陆相火山岩区寻找碰撞型斑岩-浅成低温热液型铜矿的新方向。 |
| 中文关键词:青藏高原 冈底斯 浅成低温热液 斑岩 铜矿 |
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| Gangdese: A Miocene Porphyry-skarn-epithermal Copper Belt over 1 000 km from East to West |
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| Abstract:The central and eastern part of Gangdese magmatic arc is rich in copper deposits. To the west of 88°E in longitude, the potential and prospecting of copper resources have always been key focus both in academic and industrial circles. Under the guidance of the metallogenic series theory, mineral geological survey was conducted in the continental volcanic rock area in northwest Xizang, and drilling was carried out in the altered volcanic clastic rocks of the Miocene Gazhacun Formation. It revealed a thick (>550 m) advanced argillic alteration zone and a copper (gold and silver) orebody with a thickness of 137 m and an average Cu grade of 0.46%. This achieved a major breakthrough in copper exploration in the western section of Gangdese. The Zhule–Mangla area has typical high-sulfidation epithermal mineralization and alteration mineral assemblages, which belong to the new type of copper deposits in the Tibetan Plateau. Geochemical studies of the volcanic rocks aged approximately 17 Ma in the Zhule–Mangla area reveal that the Miocene potassic calc-alkaline magmatic rocks of Gangdese exhibit relatively consistent petrogeochemical characteristics. This is associated with the partial melting of the lower crust in the post-collision extensional tectonic setting of the India–Asia collision. Therefore, the discovery of the high-sulfidation epithermal copper deposit in Mangla extends the Gangdese Miocene porphyry-skarn-epithermal copper belt westward by nearly 1 000 km, and opens a new direction for searching for collisional porphyry-epithermal copper deposits in the continental volcanic rock region. |
| keywords:Tibetan Plateau Gangdese epithermal porphyry copper deposit |
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