| 柴西砂砾型卤水蒸发过程中钾的富集行为及提取技术研究 |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-23 修订日期：2025-01-08 点此下载全文 |
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| 中文摘要:近年来在柴达木盆地西部发现砂砾型地下卤水，该富钾卤水储量巨大。本文通过盐田蒸发方式，考察了黑北凹地富钾卤水蒸发过程中钾元素的富集行为和析盐规律，发现卤水蒸发过程中基本遵循Na+、K+、Mg2+//Cl--H2O四元水盐体系相图，钾在液相中的含量由0.2%可富集到1.8%，钾盐析出段的矿物以光卤石为主，其类型为正常光卤石。以试验盐田采收的钾盐矿为原料，采用冷分解-浮选法进行了提钾技术研究，开展了分解水量、浮选工艺、扩大闭路浮选实验。分解水质量与光卤石矿质量为2:5时，捕获剂ZMC选用（120+60）g/t，获得KCl品位91.20%精矿产品50kg，产品符合国家农业用氯化钾优等品指标要求。研究结果表明，柴西砂砾型地下卤水有潜力成为我国钾盐资源后备基地。 |
| 中文关键词:砂砾型，地下卤水，钾盐矿，富集行为，技术 |
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| Studies on the enrichment behavior of potassium during evaporation of gravel brines in western Tsaidam and extraction technique |
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| Abstract:In recent years, gravel-type underground brines have been found in the western part of the Qaidam Basin, and the reserves of potassium-rich brine are huge. In this paper, the enrichment behavior and salt precipitation law of potassium during the evaporation of potassium-rich brine in Heibei Depression were investigated by means of salt field evaporation, and it was found that the evaporation process of brine basically followed the phase diagram of the four-member aqueous-salt system of Na+, K+, Mg2+//Cl--H2O, and potassium could be enriched from 0.2 to 1.8 % in the liquid phase, and the potassium minerals in the potassium salt precipitation section were mainly carnallite, which was of the normal carnallite type. Utilizing potash ore extracted from a test salt field as the primary material, research was conducted on potassium extraction technology using the cold decomposition-flotation method. Experiments were carried out on decomposition water volume, flotation processes, and expanded closed-circuit flotation. With a ratio of 2:5 between the mass of decomposition water and carnallite ore, and the use of capture agent ZMC at a dosage of (120+60)g/t, concentrate product of 50kg with KCl grade of 91.20% was obtained. This product met the requirements of the national superior grade index for agricultural use of potassium chloride. The study results indicate that the gravel-type underground brine in the western part of the Qaidam Basin holds promise to serve as a potential backup base for potassium salt resources in China. |
| keywords:gravel type, underground brine, potash, enrichment behavior, technology |
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