| 青藏高原油气勘探战略选区和战术突破目标的建议 |
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| 引用本文：纪占胜,武桂春,姚建新,孙倩,石秋圆,何继富,李浩,刘振宇,郭安臣,侯召硕,李东泽.2018.青藏高原油气勘探战略选区和战术突破目标的建议[J].地球学报,39(4):387-400. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2018.062501 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(编号: 41472030);科技基础性工作专项(编号: 2015FY310100);中国地质调查局基础性公益性矿产地质调查项目(编号: DD20160120-02; DD20160120-04; DD20160126);中国地质科学院基本科研业务费项目(编号: J1607) |
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| 中文摘要:三陆两槽基础地质认识是长期指导青藏高原油气勘探的基础地质认识, 其核心支柱是冈底斯地区晚二叠世—侏罗纪是长期地层缺失或是发育陆相地层的冈底斯古陆。然而最新的青藏高原地质大调查工作识别出了很多原来认为缺失的地层, 证明冈底斯古陆并不存在, 因此三陆两槽的基础地质认识也不成立。基于新的地层学发现, 笔者提出了两陆一盆基础地质认识, 将青藏高原的古生代—中生代海相盆地命名为古格盆地, 指出古格盆地的措勤断块具有形成大型油气区的地质背景, 古格层系和保吉层系是措勤断块的两个油气勘探的有利层系, 都是碳酸盐岩台地相沉积, 这两个层系大部分保存在白垩系地层之下, 保存条件好。燕山期晚期—喜山期的南北向构造挤压造成措勤断块全区发育复式背向斜, 郎山组及以下的地层形成褶皱, 褶皱的背斜核部是油气勘探的有利构造部位, 这些背斜构造在后期东西向断层的掀斜作用下, 形成鼻状构造。这些鼻状构造的高点位置就是油气勘探的靶点位置。青藏高原油气勘探重心应该从羌塘断块转向措勤断块, 建议在措勤断块识别出的鼻状构造高点部位开展物探和钻探验证工作。 |
| 中文关键词:西藏 两陆一盆 措勤断块 保吉层系 油气勘探 |
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| Suggestions on the Strategic Selection of Petroleum Target Areas and the Tactic Breakthrough of the Oil and Gas Exploration in the Tibetan Plateau |
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| Abstract:The geological hypothesis of three oldlands separated by two troughs has long been the guiding theory for the oil and gas exploration of the Tibetan Plateau. The core pillar of the hypothesis is that Gangdise region was an oldland (the Gangdise Oldland) during Late Permian to Jurassic. The oldland was interpreted by the argument that the strata of the upper Permian and the Middle–Upper Jurassic are terrestrial facies and the strata of the Triassic and lower Jurassic failed to deposit. However, many marine strata previously thought to be not deposited have been identified by biostratigraphic investigations, which proves that the Gangdise Oldland does not exist actually. The absence of the Gangdise Oldland means that the above hypothesis does not represent the actural aspects of the geological pattern of the Tibetan Plateau. A new hypothesis of one basin between two oldlands is proposed in this paper. This hypothesis is mainly characterized by the argument that marine sediments deposited on the so-called Gandise Oldland. Guge Basin seems to have been the unique marine basin from Paleozoic to Mesozoic in the Tibetan Plateau. The Coqen Block in the Guge Basin had favorable geological conditions to form a large hydrocarbon province because of the existence of the Guge oil-bearing assemblage and the Baoji oil-bearing assemblage. These two assemblages comprise sediments of carbonate platform facies with hydrocarbon shows in the ourcrops and are well preserved by the Cretaceous strata which constitute the main outcrops. The Cretaceous and the strata below were compressed to form compound anticlinal structure by the NS-trending tectonic movement of Late Yanshanian–Himalayan period. The core of the anticline is the favorable structural part of the oil and gas exploration. The anticline structure was tilted to form nose structure by the EW-trending fault later. The structural high point of the nose structure is the target position for oil and gas exploration. The strategic petroleum target area selection in the Tibetan Plateau is suggested to be transferred from the Qiangtang Block to the Coqen Block, and geophysical exploration and drilling verification should be conducted on the identified nose structure in the Baoji area. |
| keywords:Tibet hypothesis of one basin between two oldlands Coqen Block Baoji oil-bearing assemblage oil and gas exploration |
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