| 中国北部地区沙漠鸣沙对比研究 |
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| 引用本文：韩菲,田明中,刘斯文,武法东,王璐琳.2016.中国北部地区沙漠鸣沙对比研究[J].地球学报,37(2):247-255. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2016.02.13 |
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| 基金项目:甘肃省国土资源厅敦煌雅丹地貌物质组成基金项目(编号: 53200859491) |
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| 中文摘要:鸣沙发声机制是一个长期悬而未决的问题。中国北部地质公园内的沙漠鸣沙地质遗迹沿北方沙漠弧形带分布, 但较少被报道和研究。本文选取位于内蒙古、甘肃和新疆的沙漠鸣沙及哑沙, 对其地貌特征﹑粒度组分和矿物成分进行了对比研究。结果表明鸣沙一般发育在新月型沙丘链或新月型沙丘上, 紧邻湖泊或泉水, 背风坡和迎风坡上都会发育鸣沙, 但主要集中在背风坡, 研究结果与马玉明提出的“共鸣箱”理论中的“响沙都发育在背风坡”不符; 哑沙粒度明显较鸣沙粗, 哑沙的平均粒径分布峰值集中在0.5φ~1φ, 鸣沙粒径频率分布峰值集中在2φ~3φ; 主要差别在于细砂和粗砂的组分, 所有鸣沙中的细砂含量所占比例均高于52.012%, 哑沙中的细砂含量低于0.881%; 响沙中粗砂的含量均小于1.221%, 哑沙中粗砂的含量大于48.091%。鸣沙和哑沙主要矿物成分都以石英和长石为主; 鸣沙中含有高岭石, 钠长石, 微斜长石及方解石等, 而哑沙中几乎未含这些次要矿物。本文结果表明, 地貌特征和物质组成是区别鸣沙和哑沙的重要特征, 对于研究鸣沙的成因具有参考价值。 |
| 中文关键词:鸣沙 地貌特征 粒度组分 矿物成分 对比分析 共鸣箱理论 |
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| A Comparative Study of the Desert Singing Sands in Northern China |
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| Abstract:The sound-producing sand grains have long been a puzzling and pending problem in nature. The singing sands within the geoparks of northern China are scattered along a discontinuous curved desert zone, which, however, have been rarely studied and reported. The singing sands record and reflect the evolution process of deserts, and hence serve as an important geo-relic. In this study, the authors tried to investigate and compare the booming sands and silent sands from several deserts within the geoparks of northern China in the aspects of geomorphic features, distribution, particle size composition and major mineral components, and attempted to figure out the similarities and differences between the singing and silent sands. The booming sands of Bo Longke Sand Lake of Ongniud Geopark at the Autonomous Region level, the Yin Ken Sound-Producing Sand Bay of Ordos National Geopark, the Mount Mingshashan of Yardang National Geopark of Dunhuang, and the silent sands of the Kumtag Desert and the northeast of the Mount Mingshashan of Dunhuang Yardang National Geopark were all included in the study. And these singing and silent sand examples were investigated by using particle size analysis and X-ray diffraction and fluorescence. Some conclusions have been reached: 1) Singing sands from the above desert geo-relics mainly are developed on meniscus dune or barchan chain, and these singing sands are close to lake or spring water; both the leeward slope and windward slope develop singing sands, with the latter slope being more important; the silent sands, however, are developed on the windward slope. This result is inconsistent with the sound-box theory put forward by Ma Yu-ming that holds that all the singing sands are developed on the leeward slope; 2) The silent sands have apparently coarser particle sizes than the singing sands. The average particle size peaks of the silent sands are between 0.5φ and 1φ, whereas those of the singing sands are between 2φ and 3φ; among the four particle size parameters, the average grain sizes of the singing sands and silent sands are obviously different from each other. The average size particle of the silent sand sample from the Kumtag Desert is 0.998φ, and that of the silent sand sample from the Mount Mingshashan of Dunhuang is 0.82φ, much larger than that of other singing sand samples; the percentages of the fine sands and coarse sands are evidently different from each other, among which the fine sand percentages of all the singing sand samples are higher than 52.012%, and those of the silent sand sample are lower than 0.881%; the content of coarse sands of all the singing sands samples is lower than 1.221%, while that of the silent sand samples is higher than 48.091%; the size grading factor and coefficient of kurtosis of the singing and silent sands are similar; in terms of the sorting feature, the singing sand sample from the Mount Mingshashan of Dunhuang exhibits better sorting features than any other singing and silent sand samples, while the silent sands from the northeast of the Mount Mingshashan exhibit the poorest sorting features; 3) The major minerals of both the singing sands and the silent sands are quartz and feldspar; the singing and silent sands comprise different secondary mineral components: the singing sands contain kaolinite, albite, microcline and calsite, while the silent sands rarely contain such secondary mineral components, which is mainly determined by the source of the sand grains and climate; in addition, the problem whether the minor content in the singing sands is the defining factor for the booming of the singing sands remains to be investigated. The results obtained by the authors indicate that the geomorphic features and material composition can contribute to differentiating the singing sands and silent sands as well as figuring out the cause of the formation of the singing sands. |
| keywords:singing sands geomorphic feature particle size composition mineral components comparative analysis resonance box theory |
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