| 日本MW9.0级地震同震位移场和应力场的有限元模拟 |
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| 引用本文：王连捷,王红才,王薇,孙东生,崔军文,乔子江,赵卫华,郭彬彬.2013.日本MW9.0级地震同震位移场和应力场的有限元模拟[J].地球学报,34(6):665-670. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2013.06.03 |
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| 基金项目:国土资源部“深部探测技术与试验研究”专项(编号: SinoProbe-07); 国家科技支撑“汶川地震断裂带科学钻探井中探测”项目(编号: 2008wfsd-03) |
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| 中文摘要:根据同震位移GPS观测数据, 利用有限元法反演了2011年3月11日本MW9.0级地震的断层滑移模式。在此基础上, 计算了日本MW9.0级地震引起的同震位移场和应力场, 给出了位移和应力的分布, 分析了他们的变化规律并与实测结果进行了对比。计算结果表明: 日本MW9.0级地震的静态断层滑移量最大可达25 m。地震引起断层上盘向东位移, 最大位移在震中附近, 可达24.25 m, 日本东北地区向东位移最大可达6 m。震后地表隆起, 隆起幅度可达5.6 m, 隆起的最高点也在震中附近。日本东北地区东海岸附近有一下沉带, 下沉量可达0.8 m。同震地表位移的计算值与GPS测量结果基本一致。地震引起应力变化, 导致震后应力下降。应力变化是不均匀的, 在震中附近约为9.9 MPa, 在深处可达32 MPa, 在日本东北地区地表应力变化小于4.4 MPa。地震引起的应力变化主要是水平应力, 垂直应力基本不变。 |
| 中文关键词:日本地震 断层滑移 地应力场 同震位移 有限元模拟 |
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| Modeling of the Co-seismic Displacement Field and Stress Field of Mw9.0 Earthquake in Japan by Finite Element Method |
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| Abstract:According to the GPS data, the fault-slip model for MW9.0 earthquake in March 2011 was inversed by using the finite element method. On the basis of the inversion, co-seismic displacement and stress fields were calculated, and the distribution of displacement and stress was given. The results show that fault-slip was up to 25 m. Northeast Japan was moved eastward by 1~6 meters, and the maximum displacement in the epicentral area was up to 24.25 m. After the earthquake, the surface was uplifted by about 5.6 meters near the epicenter. There was a depression area of 0.8 meters in the east coast of Northeast Japan. The calculated co-seismic surface displacement is consistent with GPS measurements. Stress was changed by the earthquake, resulting in the decrease of the post-earthquake stress. Stress change was about 9.9 MPa near the epicenter, 32 MPa in the depths, and less than 4.4 MPa in Northeast Japan. Earthquake-induced stress changes were mainly horizontal stress, whereas vertical stress changes were very small. |
| keywords:earthquake in Japan fault slid stress field co-seismic displacement finite element modeling |
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