| 蒙古国南部欧玉陶勒盖铜(金)矿田找矿勘查与成矿理论研究新进展 |
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| 引用本文：张新元,聂秀兰.2010.蒙古国南部欧玉陶勒盖铜(金)矿田找矿勘查与成矿理论研究新进展[J].地球学报,31(3):373-382. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2010.03.11 |
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| 基金项目:国家科技支撑课题(编号: 2007BAB25B02)；地质调查项目(编号: 1212010911029) |
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| 中文摘要:蒙古国南部的欧玉陶勒盖铜(金)矿田是本世纪初找到的世界级超大型铜(金)矿田。该矿田目前获得的铜(金)矿石总资源量(以铜当量0.6%为边界品位)为35亿吨; 铜和金的金属资源量分别为3580万吨和1280吨, 平均品位分别为1.022%和0.37×10?6(金最高品位51.6×10?6); 另有推测的11万吨钼资源量(平均品位142×10?6)。该矿田已探明8个矿床(点), 这些矿床的边界大多还未封闭, 还可以在各个方向上继续拓展资源量。目前, 欧玉陶勒盖铜(金)矿田已进入开发阶段, 预计2013年投入商业化开采。经研究认为, 欧玉陶勒盖成矿构造“走廊”目前发现的这8个矿床(点)可能代表了同一期斑岩铜(金)矿化, 只是它们被后来的断裂作用、岩墙贯入作用, 以及成矿后的岩浆侵入活动所分割开。铜(金)矿化在泥盆纪火山-沉积岩中产出, 并且主要与海西期的构造岩浆活动有密切的时空分布关系; 其成矿地质背景和矿床地质特征与全球典型的斑岩型铜(金)矿床相吻合, 属于斑岩型铜(金)矿田。辉钼矿的Re-Os同位素年龄373~370 Ma, 代表了斑岩铜矿化的形成时间; 两件明矾石样品K-Ar年龄为117 Ma 和93 Ma, 代表了表生阶段的铜矿化年代范围。勘查实践表明, 地面高精度磁法和激发激化法的组合勘查方法对于该斑岩型铜(金)矿床的勘查非常有效。中蒙矿产地质对比研究成果认为, 欧玉陶勒盖铜(金)矿床所在的成矿带已延伸到我国境内的内蒙古阿拉善—北山地区。认真分析研究欧玉陶勒盖找矿勘查经验, 将为在我国境内实现铜(金)矿产找矿突破提供科学依据。 |
| 中文关键词:南蒙古 欧玉陶勒盖 斑岩型铜(金)矿床 海西期岩浆活动 地质特征 |
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| New Advancements in Exploration Practice & Theoretical Studies of the Oyu Tolgoi Copper (Gold) Orefield in the Southern Mongolia |
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| Abstract:The Oyu Tolgoi copper-gold porphyry deposits system in the Turquoise Hill in the Gobi region of the Southern Mongolia is a world-scale super-large copper-gold orefield first discovered in the beginning of this century. Geological exploration results reveal that the present explored gross copper-gold ore resource reaches 3.5 billion tonnes (CuEq at 0.6% as cut-off); the metal resources of copper and gold in the orefield have reached respectively 35.80 million tonnes and 1280 tonnes with average grades respectively at 1.022% and 0.37×10?6 (the highest gold grade at 51.6×10?6), in addition to the inferred molybdenum metal resources of 110,000 tonnes averagely grading at 142×10?6. The Oyu Tolgoi orefield has discovered 8 explored copper-gold porphyry deposits (occurrence); and behind all these figures, the most significant fact is that all the 8 deposits (occurrence) are mostly open to expansion in all directions; that means a tremendous prospective of the Turquoise Hill. Presently, the deposits are under exploitation and the commercial mining is reportedly scheduled in 2013. Some experts believe that the Oyu Tolgoi metallogenic structural corridor, embracing the 8 deposits (occurrence), may represent one single zone of porphyry mineralization, cut by later faults, dykes, and post-mineral intrusions. Research has indicated that the copper-gold mineralization occurs in the Devonian volcanic-sedimentary rocks, and is intimately related to the Hercynian tectonic-magmatic activities in time and space. The geological background of mineralization and the mineral property features of the Oyu Tolgoi copper-gold orefield coincide with that of the typical porphyry cop-per-gold deposits worldwide; and the orefield can thus be classified as the porphyry type copper-gold deposits. The Re-Os isotopic ages of 373~370 Ma from the molybdenite sample stand for the epoch of the porphyry copper mineralization; while the K-Ar ages of 117 Ma and 93 Ma from the two alum samples stand for the time span of copper mineralization in the supergenesis stage. The exploration practice has confirmed the effectiveness of the combination method of ground high-precision magnetic exploration and induced polarization method. The Si-no-Mongolia geological contrastive researches have revealed that the metallogenic belt embracing the Oyu Tolgoi porphyry copper-gold orefield has extended into China’s Alax-Beishan Mountains. The investigation of the exploration history and the successful theoretical studies of the Oyu Tolgoi orefield will offer valuable references for the realization of the exploration breakthrough of copper and gold in China. |
| keywords:Southern Mongolia Oyu Tolgoi Porphyry copper-gold deposit Hercynian magmatism Geological features |
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