| 山西宁武"万年冰洞"形成机制初探 |
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| 引用本文：孟宪刚,朱大岗,邵兆刚,余佳,韩建恩,孟庆伟.2006.山西宁武"万年冰洞"形成机制初探[J].地球学报,27(2):163-168. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2006.02.11 |
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| 基金项目:中国地质调查局“山西宁武万年冰洞形成机制及其环境意义”项目(编号:200313000067) |
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| 中文摘要:山西宁武万年冰洞,是目前所知全球冻土带以外,垂直洞穴中保存的冰体规模最大、最多、最好的地区,国内外所罕见。初步研究表明,冰洞洞体的形成,主要与该区第四纪早期冰川作用有关。冰体开始形成于早更新世末的冰缘期。冰体之所以终年不化长期保存的原因,主要与其所处地理位置、冰体与围岩的热平衡作用形成低温保护层———“冰室效应”、垂直洞穴的存在、冰体与围岩裂隙空气间产生的热平衡作用的结果———“囱式效应”和冰洞周边地下煤自燃(当地俗称“千年火山”)形成的“热力效应”等因素有关。万年冰洞的形成和保存,是当地气候、环境变迁的缩影、真实的记录和见证,为研究该区和华北地区气候和环境演化,提供重要的实际资料和依据,具有极高的科学价值和实际意义。 |
| 中文关键词:山西宁武 万年冰洞 形成机制 冰川作用 |
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| A Discussion on the Formation Mechanism of the "Ten-Thousand-Year-Old Ice Cave" in Shanxi Province |
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| Abstract:The “Ten-Thousand-Year-Old Ice Cave” is a rare cave in the world. The preserved ice bodies in the vertical cave are very rarely seen both in quality and in quantity. Studies show that the formation of the ice bodies in the ice cave is related mainly to Quaternary glaciation. The ice bodies were formed in Early Pleistocene epiglacial epoch. The excellent preservation of the ice bodies is related to various factors, such as the geographical setting, the low-temperature protective layer, i.e., the ice room effect resulting from the thermal equilibrium of the ice body and the country rock, the existence of the vertical cave, the window room effect, i.e., the thermal-equilibrium between the ice body and fissure air in the country rock, and the thermodynamic effect caused by underground coal combustion. The formation and preservation of the “Ten-Thousand-Year-Old Ice Cave” constitutes the true record and the witness of the climatic and environmental variation in the same area, and can provide important practical data and basis for the study of climatic and environmental variation in this area and in North China. Therefore, the study of this subject is of very high scientific value and practical significance. |
| keywords:Ningwu in Shanxi "Ten-Thousand-Year-Old Ice Cave" formation mechanism glacial action |
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