| 祁连山主要矿床组合及其成矿动力学分析 |
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| 引用本文：李文渊.2004.祁连山主要矿床组合及其成矿动力学分析[J].地球学报,25(3):313-320. |
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| 基金项目:国土资源部矿产资源补偿费矿产勘查项目(编号:200203) |
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| 中文摘要:祁连山早古生代有色金属、贵金属成矿带，构造上划分为北祁连、中祁连和南祁连3个构造单元；成矿区划上一般分为北祁连成矿亚带和南祁连成矿亚带，后者由中祁连和南祁连2个构造单元组成。总体上北祁连由早古生代北祁连洋向北洋-洋俯冲的沟-弧-盆相和残留的大陆裂谷相火山岩系组成为特点，成矿主要表现为块状硫化物铜多金属矿床，西段为洋-陆碰撞的岩浆弧相的构造环境，有夕卡岩型的钨矿床发现；南祁连主要为大陆裂谷或陆间裂谷构造环境的复理石相、火山碎屑岩相和中祁连的古老基底组成，有岩浆铜镍矿床、铬铁矿矿床和大型造山型金矿床发现。祁连山中元古代早期曾是全球性超地幔作用的“热点”位置，金川超大型Cu-Ni-PGE矿床即是其超地幔柱作用的结果，早古生代增生作用推移至北祁连北侧，南祁连拉水峡一带可能是南侧金川式矿床的重要找矿选区；早古生代北祁连有限洋盆为古亚洲大洋诱发的边缘海环境，边缘海独特的的消亡历程形式形成了特征的成矿组合响应。祁连山晚期地处青藏高原北缘整体受地壳缩短影响，造山前构造形迹和矿化岩相遭受显著改造，并形成“造山型”矿床。 |
| 中文关键词:祁连山 矿床组合 成矿作用类型 成矿动力 |
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| Main Mineral Deposit Associations in the Qilian Mountains and Their Metallogenic Dynamics |
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| Abstract:The Qilian Early Palaeozoic metallogenic belt dominated by nonferrous and precious metal mineral deposits can be tectonically divided into North, Middle and South Qilian units. As for ore-forming regionalization, it is divided into North Qilian and South Qilian metallogenic subbelts, with the latter composed of the North and the Middle Qilian tectonic units. On the whole, the Early Palaeozoic marine volcanic rocks are considered to be rocks of island arc, deep sea trench and back-arc basin facies and rift remnants, which were formed in an environment of the northward North Qilian ocean-ocean subduction and contained polymetallic massive sulfide deposits. However, the western part of the North Qilian Mountains seems to be an environment of continental magmatic arc-facies formed by ocean-continent collision, with some skarn tungsten deposits in it. The South Qilian consists of flysch formations and pyroclastic rocks of continental and intracontinental rift-environments as well as the Middle Qilian old basement, and contains some magmatic copper-nickel deposits and chromium deposits and large-size orogenic type gold deposits. In the early stage of Middle Porterozoic, the Qilian Mountains seemed to be the “hot point” position of ultra-plume, and the Jinchuan superlarge Cu-Ni-PGE deposit resulted from the ultra-plume action, by which the deposit was moved to the northern side of the North Qilian due to the Early Palaeozoic accretion. The Lashuixia area in the South Qilian is possibly an important area in search for the Jinchuan type deposits. In Early Palaeozoic stage the North Qilian ocean basin was a marginal sea environment induced from Paleo-Asiatic Ocean, and the special withering history of the marginal sea caused the formation of characteristic metallogenic associations. The crust shortening of the Qi-lian Mountains in northern Qinghai-Tabit plateau led to the intense transformation of the pre-orogenic structures and mineralized petrofacies and the formation of “orogenic type” mineral deposits. |
| keywords:the Qilian Mountains ore deposit association ore-forming type metallogenic dynamics |
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