| 我国盐湖钾盐资源现状及提钾工艺技术进展 |
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| 引用本文：乜贞,卜令忠,刘建华,王云生,郑绵平.2010.我国盐湖钾盐资源现状及提钾工艺技术进展[J].地球学报,31(6):869-874. |
| DOI：10.3975/cagsb.2010.06.11 |
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| 基金项目:中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所基金项目(编号: K1016)；中国地质科学院重点开放实验室专项资金项目(编号: C0903)；中国地质调查局国土资源大调查项目(编号: 1212010011809) |
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| 中文摘要:中国是一个农业大国, 钾肥缺口很大。中国又是一个多盐湖的国家, 盐湖中蕴藏着丰富的钾盐资源, 有望解决中国的缺钾问题。中国已经建立了青海察尔汗和新疆罗布泊两个钾肥生产基地, 但还是远远满足不了国内钾肥需求, 70%需要依赖进口。因此, 有必要继续加强钾盐开发研究, 建立新的钾肥生产基地。通过长期攻关, 我国氯化物型和硫酸盐型盐湖形成了比较成熟的提钾工艺路线, 但是, 碳酸盐型盐湖提钾研究刚刚起步。本文对青海察尔汗盐湖和新疆罗布泊盐湖两大中国钾肥生产基地的资源及生产工艺进行了分析研究, 其成功的开发经验可用来指导我国同类型其他盐湖钾资源的开发; 探讨了开发我国碳酸盐型盐湖钾盐的可行之路, 碳酸盐型盐湖通过技术创新, 可以在盐湖现场获得钾肥产品; 指出我国不同水化学类型的盐湖应采取不同的资源利用工艺路线。 |
| 中文关键词:钾肥 盐湖 水化学类型 工艺路线 |
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| Status of Potash Resources in Salt Lakes and Progress in Potash Technologies in China |
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| Abstract:China is a large agricultural country, and there exists a big gap in the utilization of potash fertilizers; nevertheless, China is also a country with numerous salt lakes. Potash resources in salt lakes constitute hopeful conditions for solving China’s shortage of potash fertilizers. Two production bases of potash fertilizers, Qarhan in Qinghai Province and Lop Nur in Xinjiang, have already been established in China, which, however, fail to meet China’s great demand for potash resources. As a result, 70% of the potash consumption remains dependent on import. Therefore, researches on the development of potash products and the establishment of new potash production bases should be further strengthened. Processing technologies of potash from salt lakes of chloride and sulfate subtypes have been developed on the basis of long-term researches and tests. However, potash recovery from salt lakes of the carbonate subtype has just begun. This paper presents the study and analysis of the resources situation and processing procedures for Qarhan and Lop Nur. The experience gained in their successful exploitation can serve as guidance for the exploitation of other salt lakes of the same subtype. A discussion on the possible way of exploiting salt lakes of the carbonate subtype is also made, which demonstrates that potash products from salt lakes of carbonate subtype can be obtained in situ through technological innovation. It is indicated that different technological processes should be employed in the exploitation of different subtypes of salt lakes. |
| keywords:potassium fertilizers salt lake chemical types of salt lakes technological process |
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